Exchange Requirement: Horizontal Alignment

Download a Word File of this exchange requirement: Here

Child Classes

Parts (Property Sets)


Name

Horizontal Alignment

Identifier

er_horizontal-alignment

Change Log

Date (yyyy-mm-dd) Action Author (email)
     

Project Stage

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Code Stage
0 Portfolio requirements
1 Conception of need
2 Outline feasibility
3 Substantive feasibility
4 Outline conceptual design
5 Full conceptual design
6 Coordinated design and procurement
7 Production information
8 Construction
9 Operation and maintenance
10 Disposal

Overview

Provide a textual overview of the exchange requirement under the headings Scope, General Description and Information Description. Keep it non-technical and aimed at an executive audience.

Scope

Define the scope of the exchange requirement.

General Description

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Information Description

  • US Roads Data Dictionary as captured in “WORKING-US-RoadsDD-v1.2.xlsx”

Information Requirements

Preconditions

What information must exist or what actions must be completed before this exchange requirement occurs?

Parts

Part: Alignment Coordinates

  • Purpose: Describe the purpose of this part.
Concept Definition Type Units Cardinality Restrictions
Start of Alignment Coordinate - X The initial point located by X coordinate from which the alignment is defined and serves as the reference for the entire alignment path. Real Feet required  
Start of Alignment Coordinate - Y The initial point located by Y coordinate from which the alignment is defined and serves as the reference for the entire alignment path. Real Feet required  
End of Alignment Coordinate - X The final point located by X coordinate from which the alignment is defined and serves as the reference for the entire alignment path. Real Feet required  
End of Alignment Coordinate - Y The final point located by Y coordinate from which the alignment is defined and serves as the reference for the entire alignment path. Real Feet required  
Concept: Start of Alignment Coordinate - X
  • Purpose: The initial point located by X coordinate from which the alignment is defined and serves as the reference for the entire alignment path.
  • Type: Real
  • Units: Feet
  • Cardinality: required
Concept: Start of Alignment Coordinate - Y
  • Purpose: The initial point located by Y coordinate from which the alignment is defined and serves as the reference for the entire alignment path.
  • Type: Real
  • Units: Feet
  • Cardinality: required
Concept: End of Alignment Coordinate - X
  • Purpose: The final point located by X coordinate from which the alignment is defined and serves as the reference for the entire alignment path.
  • Type: Real
  • Units: Feet
  • Cardinality: required
Concept: End of Alignment Coordinate - Y
  • Purpose: The final point located by Y coordinate from which the alignment is defined and serves as the reference for the entire alignment path.
  • Type: Real
  • Units: Feet
  • Cardinality: required

Part: Alignment General

  • Purpose: Describe the purpose of this part.
Concept Definition Type Units Cardinality Restrictions
Alignment ID Unique identification of the alignment for reference for vertical alignment, corridor elements, and other roadside components. String   required  
Alignment Description Description of the alignment to further explain purpose and/or location. String   required  
Concept: Alignment ID
  • Purpose: Unique identification of the alignment for reference for vertical alignment, corridor elements, and other roadside components.
  • Type: String
  • Cardinality: required
Concept: Alignment Description
  • Purpose: Description of the alignment to further explain purpose and/or location.
  • Type: String
  • Cardinality: required

Part: Azimuth and Bearing

  • Purpose: Describe the purpose of this part.
Concept Definition Type Units Cardinality Restrictions
Bearing The measure of a line’s direction with respect to compass directions. The direction of a line is expressed in 90 degree increments within the four quadrants of a compass. They are measured north to east, south to east, south to west and north to west and written with the maximums of each being N 90 E, S 90 E, S 90 W and N 90 W. Real Degrees optional  
Azimuth A measure of a line’s direction based on the horizontal angle measured clockwise from north starting at 0 degrees and measuring towards 360 degrees. Real Degrees optional  
Bearing The measure of a line’s direction with respect to compass directions. The direction of a line is expressed in 90 degree increments within the four quadrants of a compass. They are measured north to east, south to east, south to west and north to west and written with the maximums of each being N 90 E, S 90 E, S 90 W and N 90 W. Real Degrees optional  
Azimuth A measure of a line’s direction based on the horizontal angle measured clockwise from north starting at 0 degrees and measuring towards 360 degrees. Real Degrees optional  
Concept: Bearing
  • Purpose: The measure of a line’s direction with respect to compass directions. The direction of a line is expressed in 90 degree increments within the four quadrants of a compass. They are measured north to east, south to east, south to west and north to west and written with the maximums of each being N 90 E, S 90 E, S 90 W and N 90 W.
  • Type: Real
  • Units: Degrees
  • Cardinality: optional
Concept: Azimuth
  • Purpose: A measure of a line’s direction based on the horizontal angle measured clockwise from north starting at 0 degrees and measuring towards 360 degrees.
  • Type: Real
  • Units: Degrees
  • Cardinality: optional
Concept: Bearing
  • Purpose: The measure of a line’s direction with respect to compass directions. The direction of a line is expressed in 90 degree increments within the four quadrants of a compass. They are measured north to east, south to east, south to west and north to west and written with the maximums of each being N 90 E, S 90 E, S 90 W and N 90 W.
  • Type: Real
  • Units: Degrees
  • Cardinality: optional
Concept: Azimuth
  • Purpose: A measure of a line’s direction based on the horizontal angle measured clockwise from north starting at 0 degrees and measuring towards 360 degrees.
  • Type: Real
  • Units: Degrees
  • Cardinality: optional

Part: Circular Alignment

  • Purpose: Describe the purpose of this part.
Concept Definition Type Units Cardinality Restrictions
Central Angle The angle at the center of radius of a circular arc included between the radii that pass through the beginning point (P.C.) and the ending point (P.T.) of the arc. Also known as the delta angle. Real Degrees required  
Degree of Curvature (D) the arc definition, a D degree curve has an arc length of 100 feet resulting in an internal angle of D degrees        
the chord definition, a D degree curve has a chord of 100 feet resulting in an internal angle of D degrees Real Degrees / 100 ft required  
  Middle Ordinate (MO) mid-point of arc to mid-point of long chord    
Distance from the Mid-point of Curve to the mid-point of the straight line between the P.C. and the P.T. (the Long Chord) Real Feet required      
  Long Chord (LC) �Long Chord” - Straight line distance from the P.C. to the P.T. REal Feet required  
  External Distance (E) Point of Intersection (PI) to mid-point of curve   Feet required  
  Radius A straight line distance from the center to the circumference of a circular curve. Real Feet required  
Concept: Central Angle
  • Purpose: The angle at the center of radius of a circular arc included between the radii that pass through the beginning point (P.C.) and the ending point (P.T.) of the arc. Also known as the delta angle.
  • Type: Real
  • Units: Degrees
  • Cardinality: required
Concept: Degree of Curvature (D)
  • Purpose: the arc definition, a D degree curve has an arc length of 100 feet resulting in an internal angle of D degrees

the chord definition, a D degree curve has a chord of 100 feet resulting in an internal angle of D degrees

  • Type: Real
  • Units: Degrees / 100 ft
  • Cardinality: required
Concept: Middle Ordinate (MO)
  • Purpose: mid-point of arc to mid-point of long chord

Distance from the Mid-point of Curve to the mid-point of the straight line between the P.C. and the P.T. (the Long Chord)

  • Type: Real
  • Units: Feet
  • Cardinality: required
Concept: Long Chord (LC)
  • Purpose: �Long Chord” - Straight line distance from the P.C. to the P.T.
  • Type: REal
  • Units: Feet
  • Cardinality: required
Concept: External Distance (E)
  • Purpose: Point of Intersection (PI) to mid-point of curve
  • Units: Feet
  • Cardinality: required
Concept: Radius
  • Purpose: A straight line distance from the center to the circumference of a circular curve.
  • Type: Real
  • Units: Feet
  • Cardinality: required

Part: Direction of Travel

  • Purpose: Describe the purpose of this part.
Concept Definition Type Units Cardinality Restrictions
Direction of Travel The direction in which vehicles are moving on a roadway maybe expressed in terms of cardinal directions String   required enum: N, S, E, W, N/S, E/W
Concept: Direction of Travel
  • Purpose: The direction in which vehicles are moving on a roadway maybe expressed in terms of cardinal directions
  • Type: String
  • Cardinality: required
  • Restrictions: enum: N, S, E, W, N/S, E/W

Part: Horizontal Alignment Curve Key Stations

  • Purpose: Describe the purpose of this part.
Concept Definition Type Units Cardinality Restrictions
Curve to Spiral Point (CS) Point of change from circular curve to spiral Real Stationing optional  
Station Equation A point that relates a system of stationing to another system of stationing. Real Stationing optional  
Point of Compound Curve (PCC) Point common to two curves in the same direction with different radii Real Stationing optional  
Point of Curvature (PC) The point where a tangent ends and a curve begins. Real Stationing optional  
Point of Intersection (PI) The point where two tangents of a circular curve meet. Real Stationing optional  
Point of Tangency (PT) The point where a curve ends and straight alignment begins. Real Stationing optional  
Spiral to Curve Point (SC) This is the point where a spiral curve meets the circular curve. It marks the end of the transition from the tangent (straight path) to the circular curve Real Stationing optional  
Spiral to Tangent Point (ST) This is the point where the spiral curve meets the tangent. It marks the end of the transition from the circular curve to the straight path Real Stationing optional  
Tangent to Spiral Point (TS) This is the point where the alignment changes from the back tangent to the entrance spiral Real Stationing optional  
Point of Beginning (POB) The point where an alignment begins. Real Stationing optional  
Point of Ending (POE) The point where an alignment ends. Real Stationing optional  
Point on Curve (POC) Point on a circular curve Real Stationing optional  
Concept: Curve to Spiral Point (CS)
  • Purpose: Point of change from circular curve to spiral
  • Type: Real
  • Units: Stationing
  • Cardinality: optional
Concept: Station Equation
  • Purpose: A point that relates a system of stationing to another system of stationing.
  • Type: Real
  • Units: Stationing
  • Cardinality: optional
Concept: Point of Compound Curve (PCC)
  • Purpose: Point common to two curves in the same direction with different radii
  • Type: Real
  • Units: Stationing
  • Cardinality: optional
Concept: Point of Curvature (PC)
  • Purpose: The point where a tangent ends and a curve begins.
  • Type: Real
  • Units: Stationing
  • Cardinality: optional
Concept: Point of Intersection (PI)
  • Purpose: The point where two tangents of a circular curve meet.
  • Type: Real
  • Units: Stationing
  • Cardinality: optional
Concept: Point of Tangency (PT)
  • Purpose: The point where a curve ends and straight alignment begins.
  • Type: Real
  • Units: Stationing
  • Cardinality: optional
Concept: Spiral to Curve Point (SC)
  • Purpose: This is the point where a spiral curve meets the circular curve. It marks the end of the transition from the tangent (straight path) to the circular curve
  • Type: Real
  • Units: Stationing
  • Cardinality: optional
Concept: Spiral to Tangent Point (ST)
  • Purpose: This is the point where the spiral curve meets the tangent. It marks the end of the transition from the circular curve to the straight path
  • Type: Real
  • Units: Stationing
  • Cardinality: optional
Concept: Tangent to Spiral Point (TS)
  • Purpose: This is the point where the alignment changes from the back tangent to the entrance spiral
  • Type: Real
  • Units: Stationing
  • Cardinality: optional
Concept: Point of Beginning (POB)
  • Purpose: The point where an alignment begins.
  • Type: Real
  • Units: Stationing
  • Cardinality: optional
Concept: Point of Ending (POE)
  • Purpose: The point where an alignment ends.
  • Type: Real
  • Units: Stationing
  • Cardinality: optional
Concept: Point on Curve (POC)
  • Purpose: Point on a circular curve
  • Type: Real
  • Units: Stationing
  • Cardinality: optional

Part: Horizontal Alignment Curve Length

  • Purpose: Describe the purpose of this part.
Concept Definition Type Units Cardinality Restrictions
Length of Circular Curve, Lc Refers to the distance measured along the arc of the curve from the Point of Curvature (PC) to the Point of Tangency (PT). This length is crucial for determining the geometry and alignment of the roadway. Real Feet required  
Length of Spiral, Ls A spiral is a curve of constantly changing radius. The radius at each end matches the alignment into which it is going. Length of spiral refers to the length of this transition. Real Feet required  
Concept: Length of Circular Curve, Lc
  • Purpose: Refers to the distance measured along the arc of the curve from the Point of Curvature (PC) to the Point of Tangency (PT). This length is crucial for determining the geometry and alignment of the roadway.
  • Type: Real
  • Units: Feet
  • Cardinality: required
Concept: Length of Spiral, Ls
  • Purpose: A spiral is a curve of constantly changing radius. The radius at each end matches the alignment into which it is going. Length of spiral refers to the length of this transition.
  • Type: Real
  • Units: Feet
  • Cardinality: required

Part: Horizontal Alignment Curve Type

  • Purpose: Describe the purpose of this part.
Concept Definition Type Units Cardinality Restrictions
Circular An arc with a single constant radius connecting two tangents. Boolean   required enum: Yes, No
Spiral A transitional curve where the rate of curvature begins at R = ? (tangent) and gradually decreases to R, which is the curvature of a simple curve. Boolean   required enum: Yes, No
Concept: Circular
  • Purpose: An arc with a single constant radius connecting two tangents.
  • Type: Boolean
  • Cardinality: required
  • Restrictions: enum: Yes, No
Concept: Spiral
  • Purpose: A transitional curve where the rate of curvature begins at R = ? (tangent) and gradually decreases to R, which is the curvature of a simple curve.
  • Type: Boolean
  • Cardinality: required
  • Restrictions: enum: Yes, No

Part: Horizontal Alignment Designation

  • Purpose: Describe the purpose of this part.
Concept Definition Type Units Cardinality Restrictions
Baseline Baselines are established as straight line segments or curves between known fixed points, generally within the right-of-way. Boolean   required enum: Yes, No
Horizontal Control Line Control for horizontal alignment. The stationing for the roadway is measured along this line. Boolean   required enum: Yes, No
Concept: Baseline
  • Purpose: Baselines are established as straight line segments or curves between known fixed points, generally within the right-of-way.
  • Type: Boolean
  • Cardinality: required
  • Restrictions: enum: Yes, No
Concept: Horizontal Control Line
  • Purpose: Control for horizontal alignment. The stationing for the roadway is measured along this line.
  • Type: Boolean
  • Cardinality: required
  • Restrictions: enum: Yes, No

Part: Horizontal Alignment Tangent Key Stations

  • Purpose: Describe the purpose of this part.
Concept Definition Type Units Cardinality Restrictions
Station Equation A point that relates a system of stationing to another system of stationing. Real Stationing optional  
Point of Curvature (PC) The point where a tangent ends and a curve begins. Real Stationing optional  
Point of Intersection (PI) The point where two tangents of a circular curve meet. Real Stationing optional  
Point of Tangency (PT) The point where a curve ends and straight alignment begins. Real Stationing optional  
Spiral to Tangent Point (ST) This is the point where the spiral curve meets the tangent. It marks the end of the transition from the circular curve to the straight path Real Stationing optional  
Tangent to Spiral Point (TS) This is the point where the alignment changes from the back tangent to the entrance spiral Real Stationing optional  
Point of Beginning (POB) The point where an alignment begins. Real Stationing optional  
Point of Ending (POE) The point where an alignment ends. Real Stationing optional  
Point on Tangent (POT) A point on the tangent line that is used in the projection of the tangent line in a forward direction. Real Stationing optional  
Concept: Station Equation
  • Purpose: A point that relates a system of stationing to another system of stationing.
  • Type: Real
  • Units: Stationing
  • Cardinality: optional
Concept: Point of Curvature (PC)
  • Purpose: The point where a tangent ends and a curve begins.
  • Type: Real
  • Units: Stationing
  • Cardinality: optional
Concept: Point of Intersection (PI)
  • Purpose: The point where two tangents of a circular curve meet.
  • Type: Real
  • Units: Stationing
  • Cardinality: optional
Concept: Point of Tangency (PT)
  • Purpose: The point where a curve ends and straight alignment begins.
  • Type: Real
  • Units: Stationing
  • Cardinality: optional
Concept: Spiral to Tangent Point (ST)
  • Purpose: This is the point where the spiral curve meets the tangent. It marks the end of the transition from the circular curve to the straight path
  • Type: Real
  • Units: Stationing
  • Cardinality: optional
Concept: Tangent to Spiral Point (TS)
  • Purpose: This is the point where the alignment changes from the back tangent to the entrance spiral
  • Type: Real
  • Units: Stationing
  • Cardinality: optional
Concept: Point of Beginning (POB)
  • Purpose: The point where an alignment begins.
  • Type: Real
  • Units: Stationing
  • Cardinality: optional
Concept: Point of Ending (POE)
  • Purpose: The point where an alignment ends.
  • Type: Real
  • Units: Stationing
  • Cardinality: optional
Concept: Point on Tangent (POT)
  • Purpose: A point on the tangent line that is used in the projection of the tangent line in a forward direction.
  • Type: Real
  • Units: Stationing
  • Cardinality: optional

Part: Horizontal Alignment Tangent Length

  • Purpose: Describe the purpose of this part.
Concept Definition Type Units Cardinality Restrictions
Tangent Length Length of straight segments of alignment Real Feet required  
Concept: Tangent Length
  • Purpose: Length of straight segments of alignment
  • Type: Real
  • Units: Feet
  • Cardinality: required

Part: Spiral Alignment

  • Purpose: Describe the purpose of this part.
Concept Definition Type Units Cardinality Restrictions
Spiral Angle The total angle of deflection between the initial tangent of a road and the common tangent where the transition curve (spiral) meets the circular curve. Real Degrees required  
Concept: Spiral Angle
  • Purpose: The total angle of deflection between the initial tangent of a road and the common tangent where the transition curve (spiral) meets the circular curve.
  • Type: Real
  • Units: Degrees
  • Cardinality: required

Part: Superelevation

  • Purpose: Describe the purpose of this part.
Concept Definition Type Units Cardinality Restrictions
End Normal Crown Station Refers to the point on a roadway where the typical crown (or cross slope) of the road transitions to a different cross slope, such as when entering a superelevated section. Real Stationing required  
Tangent Runout Length Tangent runout is the longitudinal distance needed to change from a normal crown section to a point where the adverse cross slope of the outside lane or lanes is removed (i.e., the outside lane(s) is level). Real Feet required  
Level Crown Station Refers to the point where the slope of a lane being rotated is 0% or level at the end of the tangent runout. Real Stationing required  
Reverse Crown Station Refers to the point where the slope of a lane being rotated is the reverse of a normal crown. Real Stationing required  
Superelevation Runoff Length Superelevation runoff is the longitudinal distance needed to change the cross slope from the end of the tangent runout (adverse cross slope removed) to a section that is sloped at the design superelevation rate E. Real Feet required  
Full Superelevation Length Refers to the point where the roadway is sloped at the design superelevation rate E. Real Feet required  
Concept: End Normal Crown Station
  • Purpose: Refers to the point on a roadway where the typical crown (or cross slope) of the road transitions to a different cross slope, such as when entering a superelevated section.
  • Type: Real
  • Units: Stationing
  • Cardinality: required
Concept: Tangent Runout Length
  • Purpose: Tangent runout is the longitudinal distance needed to change from a normal crown section to a point where the adverse cross slope of the outside lane or lanes is removed (i.e., the outside lane(s) is level).
  • Type: Real
  • Units: Feet
  • Cardinality: required
Concept: Level Crown Station
  • Purpose: Refers to the point where the slope of a lane being rotated is 0% or level at the end of the tangent runout.
  • Type: Real
  • Units: Stationing
  • Cardinality: required
Concept: Reverse Crown Station
  • Purpose: Refers to the point where the slope of a lane being rotated is the reverse of a normal crown.
  • Type: Real
  • Units: Stationing
  • Cardinality: required
Concept: Superelevation Runoff Length
  • Purpose: Superelevation runoff is the longitudinal distance needed to change the cross slope from the end of the tangent runout (adverse cross slope removed) to a section that is sloped at the design superelevation rate E.
  • Type: Real
  • Units: Feet
  • Cardinality: required
Concept: Full Superelevation Length
  • Purpose: Refers to the point where the roadway is sloped at the design superelevation rate E.
  • Type: Real
  • Units: Feet
  • Cardinality: required

Child Classes

Horizontal Alignment Curve

This child class inherits the requirements defined for the parent element.

Horizontal Alignment Tangent

This child class inherits the requirements defined for the parent element.